henry_flower | Reading

Для нашего же блага

1. Obama Judge Blocks Defunding of Planned Parenthood in OBBB
Это натуральный ползучий госпереворот - распределение денег это чётко прописанная в Конституции функция Конгресса. Если запреты Трампу перекрывать краники можно было как-то ещё обьяснять - дескать, это функция Конгресса, то вмешательство в прерогативы Конгресса напрямую - это просто неприкрытый харчок в лицо избирателям и полное игнорирование конституционного права. Какие-то оправдания и попытки законного обоснования давно отброшены. Просто - можем тянуть бабло, и будем тянуть всеми силами. "Я на 16 аршинах здесь сижу и буду сидеть!"

2. Rep. Comer Says Biden's Doc Took the 5th
Not suspicious at all.

3. Court Overturns Douglass Mackey Meme Conviction
Хорошо. Совершенно вздорное и антиконституционное обвинение.

4. Former GOP chair slapped with felony over not masking at WA state election center in 2024
В 2024! Т.е. совершенно открытая война с республиканцами, ничего не стесняясь давно.

Dozens of swastikas

5. Antisemitism Is Why Kamala Didn’t Pick Josh Shapiro as Her Running Mate
Oft evil will shall evil mar.

6. Около 60 врачей-евреев покинули Британскую медицинскую ассоциацию из-за антисемитизма

7. Антисемиты тем временем уже и в FreeBSD пробрались.

8. Egyptian TV host: Protocols of the Elders of Zion aims at destroying Islamic societies by means of a ‘soccer craze’
Да, футбол - это тоже еврейский заговор, а вы как думали?

9. Маша Гессен требует переопределить антисемитизм, чтобы антисемиты-демократы не включались
И переопределят, уверен в этом.

10. Томас Фридман: наибольшая угроза для евреев в мире это Израильское правительство
Аргумент тот же, он никогда не меняется - они там раздражают антисемитов, а мы, бедные колумнисты Таймс, от этого страдаем, нас могут на приём не пригласить. А ведь мы, тем временем, не покладая сил трудимся, чтобы поддерживать шатающуюся израильскую демократию - ведь для демократии необходима критика правительства, а уж кто, как не мы, критикуем любое (правое, конечно) израильское правительство на все корки! И вот она, чёрная неблагодарность...

Граница на замке

11. Newsom donor's cannabis farm under federal investigation for 'child labor violations'
Если у кого-то были какие-то вопросы, в чём там дело... И я уверен, что дети-нелегалы вовсе не приняли решение трудиться на канабисовой ферме добровольно.

12. LA to give cash cards to illegal immigrants who stop going to work over fear of ICE raids
Т.е. реально платят нелегалам просто за то, что они нелегалы. Потому что демократам от них только это и нужно.

Нас бережёт

13. Bondi Explains She Was Going To Release The Epstein Files But Then Some Pedophiles Asked Her Not To
Pretty much this.

14. Austin fire chief who denied resources ahead of Texas flooding prioritized 'increasing diversity'

15. 'Hand To God, I Know The Names': Alan Dershowitz Says He Knows Who's On The Epstein List
On the list that we've just been told does not exist. Got it.

16. Six Secret Service agents suspended over failures during Butler, PA assassination attempt on Trump
За полный провал всей цели существования Секретного Сервиса шестерых стрелочников наказали отпуском на месяц и переводом на более лёгкую работу. Всё.

17. Key supervisors who signed off on the Butler security plan and two who were on the final walkthroughs before the J13 rally were never disciplined but instead received BIG PROMOTIONS
Трамп, не Трамп - ничего не меняется. Последствий никаких, ответственности никакой.

Antifada

18. Here are the 10 Trantifa goons charged with ambushing a Texas ICE facility to kill federal officers
Ну вот пожалуйста, вооружённая группа, атакующая федеральных чиновников. Инсуррекция, как по книжке. И абсолютно никого не парит - левые только одобряют.

19. In April, Washington State Rep. Pramila Jayapal and Harvard Kennedy School's Erica Chenoweth, "who studies nonviolent civil resistance against authoritarianism," announced a series of trainings to get the mob ready for the anti-Elon Musk, anti-DOGE, and anti-Tesla protests.
И не только одобряют - они прямо тренируют инсургентов. Совершенно открыто и ничего не боясь.

20. Texas Democrat openly calls for 'dead ICE agents' in Los Angeles

21. Pink haired protesters are ramming Mexican flags into the tires of U.S. military vehicles & smashing the flagpoles against the windows — amid an immigration raid at a cannabis farm in Camarillo, CA.
I don't understand - what the fuck is going on? Why aren't every single one of them arrested?

22. Oregon federal judge orders release of trans suspect charged with firebombing, shooting up Tesla dealership
Поэтому они такие наглые. Они знают, что партийные судьи их всегда отмажут.

COVID-1984

23. Our findings suggest that the overall incidence of new-onset autoimmune diseases in children remained relatively stable during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study indicates a potential association between COVID-19 vaccination and an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases, necessitating further research to elucidate long-term effects in the pediatric population.
Safe and effective, effective and safe.

Международная панорама

24. UN Launches Task Force to Combat Global “Disinformation” Threat
Or, in normal language, censor speech UN does not approve.

25. In Bradford, Muhammad from Pakistan attempted to rape a 13-year-old British girl.
His wife intervened to defend him: "He didn’t know it was illegal. Please, I promise he will never do this again."
These are new Britons. I liked the old ones better - but then again, they are the reason it all happened.

26. Каково было реальное состояние иранской ядерной программы накануне бомбардировки?

wumo_feed

http://wumo.com/wumo/2025/07/14

http://wumo.com/wumo/2025/07/14

vak

Вид с холма поверх крыш Сигтюны, древней столицы Швеции.

Развалины церкви 12 века в Сигтюне.

На пристани в Сигтюне.

Парк на берегу озера в Сигтюне.

Стокгольм, вид на старый город Гамла-Стан.

Стокгольм, на центральной пристани.

Стокгольм, статуя основателя города Birger jarl.

"Голубой зал" городской ратуши. Здесь проходит торжественный банкет вручения Нобелевских премий.

marginal_revolution_feed

Posted by Tyler Cowen

https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921613868/_/marginalrevolution~Superman-some-general-observations-no-real-spoilers.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91078

The first half was more fun than I was expecting, though overall I cannot call it a good movie.

The core message is that AI, drones, biotech, and nanotech will elevate the power of private companies and individuals over states, and this is likely to prove unstable on an ongoing basis. Whether or not you agree, I found that a consistent and also important theme to pursue.

One should not conclude that Superman is obviously one of the good guys, no matter how noble his intent. I found that interesting too. The filmmakers hint at the logic of growth models, and Garett Jones.

Unlike what some commentators have suggested, I did not view the movie as intending much explicit commentary about either immigration or Israel vs. Hamas. Still, you can spot a few references to each.

The main flaws of the film are a) stupidity, b) excess reliance on multiple climactic yet never compelling supposedly climactic battle scenes, c) lame portrayals of villains, and d) lack of interest in being truly cinematic.

I can report that I did not walk out, but it does not come close to the dramatic impact of the original Christopher Reeve installment.

The post *Superman* (some general observations, no real spoilers) appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.

Comments

In reply to Dinwar. I think you didn’t watch the movie. ... by KarterB
I'm in almost complete agreement with Tyler on this, but I ... by Vulcidian
I thought the movie was giving more social media commentary ... by Just a guy
Perhaps one should have modest expectations for films based on ... by Engineer
“The main flaws of the film are a) stupidity, b) excess ... by the original Christopher Reeve installment isn't very good either.
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Comments

In reply to M. Or could it be that lots of unexpected things ... by Wayfaring Stranger
In reply to Bobb. I'm hoping the debt gets paid down as well. ... by LivelyClock
In reply to M. It's not that these things didn't matter. It's ... by LivelyClock
In reply to Elijah. For 29 days a month, I have a trade ... by Dismalist
In reply to Tyler Cowen. It's very hard to reconcile your ... by Bobb
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https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921605801/_/marginalrevolution~Sunday-assorted-links.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91076

70sscifiart_feed

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788971648388890624

Oh wow that's so cool! Thanks for thinking of me - I knew about a very similar album cover for that band, also by Angus McKie, but I didn't know that they performed in costume like Daft Punk! Very fascinating old-school animation as well.

You actually just reminded me about an old post about gondolas in sci-fi art that I've had sitting around in my draft since... uh Feb 2019, haha. Just posted it here - it has that other album cover I mentioned.

I think I'll look into the band more and probably write up something for my art blog newsletter. I'm already listening to a Spotify playlist of their stuff now!

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788971648388890624

70sscifiart_feed

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788971164399763457

Mark Salwowski's 1998 cover to 'Beige Planet Mars,' a Doctor Who spin-off novel

Angus McKie’s album art for Rondò Veneziano’s ‘Venice in Peril,’ 1983.

Virgil Finlay, 'Martian Canal'

Darrell K Sweet, for 'Menace Under Marswood,' by Sterling Lanier, 1983

Gondolas in retro sci-fi art: It’s a subgenre of 70s sci-fi art I’m making happen through sheer force of will. That last one even has a rudder, that’s how hard I’m working. Credits in captions.

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788971164399763457

70sscifiart_feed

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788968893981016064

You claim to cover science fiction of the 1970s, but I am disappointed to see nothing of Dynomutt. Please rectify this oversight.

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788968893981016064

urban_feed

http://pluh.urbanup.com/18246463

[A meme] TikTok sound, Originally the word was meant as a means of a of [bleeping] out sexual references, but is now used as [a meme] or a way to annoy people.

http://pluh.urbanup.com/18246463

futilitycloset_feed

Posted by Greg Ross

https://www.futilitycloset.com/2025/07/13/in-a-word-696/

https://www.futilitycloset.com/?p=71209

ergophobia
n. an aversion to work

isolato
n. a person who is physically or spiritually isolated from their times or society

hebetate
v. to make dull or obtuse

suspiration
n. a long, deep sigh

Drawn from the last line of a 1951 poem by Pierre Béarn, the French phrase métro, boulot, dodo describes the monotony of workday life: Métro refers to a subway commute, boulot is an informal word for work, and dodo is baby talk for sleep.

Anna Kaloustian wrote in the Yale Herald, “No English expression manages to quite grasp its prosaic implication, its banality.”

https://www.futilitycloset.com/2025/07/13/in-a-word-696/

https://www.futilitycloset.com/?p=71209

marginal_revolution_feed

Posted by Tyler Cowen

https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921584168/_/marginalrevolution~The-Monastic-World.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91075

The author is Andrew Jotischky, and the subtitle is A 1,200-Year History. He writes very well and also can think in terms of organizations. Excerpt:

As such, monasteries were complex institutions. The demands of property ownership included systems for collection and receipt of rents, and thus methods of accountancy and management of finances and human resources. But even the fulfilment of their spiritual functions of communal worship required internal systems and management. The correct performance of the liturgy required training in chant and sacramental theology. It also required service books and specific sacred objects for celebration of the eucharist. In order to fulfil the expectation of constant prayer and praise, the liturgical offices were spread across day and night, which in turn meant that light — from candles or oil, depending on the region — was needed for several hours. All of these items had to be produced or procured. Monasteries thus needed supplies ranging from bread to wine to wax and parchment, and the technical know-how to process these. Moreover, the schools that monasteries developed to train their own monks also provided opportunities for a largely non-literate society to educate their young.

An excellent book, Yale University Press, and currently priced below $15 in hardcover.

The post *The Monastic World* appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.

A term used to describe any middle-of-nowhere, backwoods area, particularly one that is a long distance away. Derived from [bumfuck], also used to describe a similar location. The addition of "egypt" originated in the Midwest, describing the "Little Egypt" region of Illinois, an extremely [rural area] compared to the urban Northern Illinois. See also [BFE].

http://bum-fuck-egypt.urbanup.com/2005165

futilitycloset_feed

Posted by Greg Ross

https://www.futilitycloset.com/2025/07/12/bus-bunching/

https://www.futilitycloset.com/?p=71206

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bus_bunching_graph.svg — Image: Wikimedia Commons

When two or more buses are scheduled at regular intervals on the same route, planners may expect that each will make the same progress, pausing at each stop for the same interval (1). But if Bus B is delayed by traffic congestion (2), it incurs a penalty: Because it arrives late to the next stop, it will pick up some passengers who’d planned to take Bus C (3). Accommodating these passengers delays Bus B even longer, putting it even further behind schedule. Meanwhile, Bus C begins to make unusually good progress (4), as it now arrives at each stop to find a smaller crowd than expected.

As the workload piles up on the foremost bus and the one behind it catches up, eventually the result (5) is that the two buses run in a platoon, arriving together at each stop. Sometimes Bus C even overtakes Bus B.

What to do? Planners can set minimum and maximum amounts of time to be spent at each stop, and buses might even be told to skip certain stops during crowded runs. Passengers might be encouraged to wait for a following bus, with the inducement that it’s less crowded. Northern Arizona University improved its service by abandoning the idea of a schedule altogether and delaying buses at certain stops in order to maintain even spacing. One thing that doesn’t work: adding vehicles to the route — which might, at first blush, have seemed the obvious solution.

https://www.futilitycloset.com/2025/07/12/bus-bunching/

https://www.futilitycloset.com/?p=71206

juan_gandhi

35 лет назад Ельцин вышел из КПСС.

marginal_revolution_feed

Posted by Alex Tabarrok

https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921554990/_/marginalrevolution~Blame-Canada-Measles-Edition.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91066

Polimath has a good post on measles. The recent spike in U.S. cases has drawn alarm. As the New York Times reports:

There have now been more measles cases in 2025 than in any other year since the contagious virus was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000, according to new data released Wednesday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The grim milestone represents an alarming setback for the country’s public health and heightens concerns that if childhood vaccination rates do not improve, deadly outbreaks of measles — once considered a disease of the past — will become the new normal.

But as Polimath notes, U.S. vaccination rates remain above 90% nationally. The problem isn’t broad domestic anti-vax sentiment but rather concentrated gaps in coverage, often within insular religious communities. These local shortfalls do explain how outbreaks spread once they begin—but how do they begin in the first place, given these communities are islands within a largely vaccinated country? Polimath says blame Canada! (and Mexico!)

The greater concern in my mind is not the problem of low measles vaccination coverage in the United States, but among our immediate neighbors. In Ontario, the MMR vaccination rate among 7-year-olds is under 70%. As in the examples above, this rate seems to be particularly low “in specific communities”, whatever that is supposed to mean. This has resulted in the ongoing spread of measles such that Ontario’s measles infection rate is 40 times higher than the United States. Canada officially “eliminated” measles in 1998. But with vaccine rates as low as they are, it seems like Canada is at risk for losing that “elimination” status and becoming an international source for measles.

Similarly, Mexico is having a measles outbreak that is substantially worse than the US outbreak. Importantly, the Mexican outbreak has been the worst in the Chihuahua province (over 3,000 cases), which borders Texas and New Mexico.

I’m less interested in blame than in the useful reminder that not all politics is American politics. Vaccination rates have dipped worldwide and not in response to U.S. politics or RFK Jr. In fact, despite RFK Jr. the U.S. is doing better than some of its North American and European peers. Outbreaks here may be triggered by cross-border exposure, not failures in U.S. public health alone. Not all politics is American—and not all American outcomes are made in America.

Hat tip: the excellent Stephen Landry.

The post Blame Canada! Measles Edition appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.

Comments

In reply to Hadur. In this case its not from Marin county ... by Harun
In reply to giacomo. Yeah, we need to force religious ... by Harun
In reply to A Canadian. AI response to Canadian Mennonites, ... by seegs
In reply to response to seegs. Look into Mennonites & migrant ... by seegs
In reply to Leah Sargeant. So is that an argument for parents ... by john
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In reply to Hmm. Wasn't there a recent study on use of AI and ... by john
In reply to Old Programmer. I think that if Stack Overflow is ... by Asher
Hi Kimi. Do you know the way to San Jose? I’ve been gone so ... by Kieran
In reply to Reason. ... by CA
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In reply to Chuck Kotlarz. And EU life expectancy could be ... by Jeff
In reply to Anonymous. Fair. I think “More property owners ... by M
In reply to Tom T.. The graphs above show death rates ... by Chuck Kotlarz
So… what is this set of graphs supposed to be showing us? Why ... by Michael
In reply to H. I assume air conditioning is most valuable in ... by Michael
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https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921554471/_/marginalrevolution~Technology-Transfer-and-Development-Economics.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91068

ratomira

Ночью обстреляли Львов, Луцк и Черновцы. В Черновцах 2 погибших.

Всю восточную часть Украины обстреливают постоянно. В Днепропетровской области за последние сутки 4 погибших (двое в Синельниковском районе, двое - в Никополе).

В Киеве только за июнь в обстрелах погиб 41 человек. При этом свидетели "в Киеве в ДТП умирает больше, чем от прилетов" до сих пор толкают всем свою мантру. По Киеву не нашла данных, но по всей Киевской области погибло 17 человек за июнь в ДТП.

То есть уже где-то в 3-4 раза от прилетов погибает больше людей, чем в ДТП, в Киеве. А в Харькове, Запорожье, Одессе, Днепре еще больше прилетов.

marginal_revolution_feed

Posted by Tyler Cowen

https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921546920/_/marginalrevolution~Polymarket-on-the-next-Fed-chair.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91071

Scott Bessent, Kevin Warsh, and Kevin Hassett are the clear leaders, in that order.

The post Polymarket on the next Fed chair appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.

Comments

In reply to Someone Observant. Everybody can earn 220$/h + ... by Timothy Tipping
In reply to Bob. by Someone Observant
In reply to Paul. Maria Bartiromo? by Cove77
In reply to Mill. The next Fed chair will not be selected ... by Bob
In reply to Andreas. If they complain, Thiel might stop ... by Bob
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Comments

In reply to Jonathan Siegel. Everybody can earn 220$/h + ... by Timothy Tipping
In reply to jason y. That's a very good thought. We can even ... by mkt42
In reply to mkt42. Theyre probably just using the token ... by jason y
In reply to rayward. Gary Marcus on Grok: ... by rayward
In reply to rayward. When in doubt, Grok 4 goes home to papa: ... by rayward
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In reply to Ricardo. The modern right is full of former ... by Shark Lasers
In reply to glaukos. I would definitely never invite you into ... by Shark Lasers
In reply to glaukos. Agree on controlling your dog in public. ... by anonprof
In reply to Tom Meadowcroft. Meh… it isn’t clear to me ... by anonprof
In reply to Freudian Bill. anti DEFAMATION league by Dick King
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In reply to ×. Everybody can earn 220$/h + daily 1K… You ... by Timothy Tipping
In reply to Dismalist. I am a conservative with libertarian ... by anonprof
In reply to Dinwar. I dont subscribe to humans being evil or ... by hv
In reply to Bill Allen. Thomas Moore thought a lot about this ... by A Guy
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https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921519365/_/marginalrevolution~Friday-assorted-links.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91061

xkcd_feed

https://xkcd.com/3114/

That was quicker than usual! The cabin's sprinkler system often makes it really hard to keep anything lit.

https://xkcd.com/3114/

urban_feed

http://chipotle-bag.urbanup.com/18186177

someone with lots of [tattoos], [to the point] they look like a chipotle bag (which has lots of words and [doodles] on it)

http://chipotle-bag.urbanup.com/18186177

marginal_revolution_feed

Posted by Alex Tabarrok

https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921507158/_/marginalrevolution~The-Sputnik-vs-DeepSeek-Moment-Why-the-Difference.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91054

In 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik triggering a national reckoning in the United States. Americans questioned the strength of their education system, scientific capabilities, industrial base—even their national character. The country’s self-image as a global leader was shaken, creating the Sputnik moment.

The response was swift and ambitious. NSF funding tripled in a year and increased by a factor of more than ten by the end of the decade. The National Defense Education Act overhauled universities and created new student loan programs for foreign language students and engineers. High schools redesigned curricula around the “new math.” Homework doubled. NASA and ARPA (later DARPA) were created in 1958. NASA’s budget rocketed upwards to nearly 5% of all federal spending and R&D spending overall increased to well over 10% of federal spending. Immigration rules were liberalized (perhaps not in direct response to Sputnik but as part of the ethos of the time). Foreign talent was attracted. Tariff barriers continued to fall and the US engaged with international organizations and promoted globalization..

The U.S. answered Sputnik with bold competition not an aggrieved whine that America had been ripped off and abused.

America’s response to rising scientific competition from China—symbolized by DeepSeek’s R1 matching OpenAI’s o1—has been very different. The DeepSeek Moment has been met not with resolve and competition but with anxiety and retreat.

Trump has proposed slashing the NIH budget by nearly 40% and NSF by 56%. The universities have been attacked, creating chaos for scientific funding. International collaboration is being strangled by red tape. Foreign scientists are leaving or staying away. Tariffs have hit highs not seen since the Great Depression and the US has moved away from the international order.

Some of this is new and some of it is an acceleration of already existing trends. In Launching the Innovation Renaissance, for example, I said that by the Federal budget numbers, America is a warfare-welfare state not an innovation state. However, to be fair, there are some bright spots. Market‑driven research might partially offset public cuts. Big‑tech R&D now exceeds $200 billion annually—more than the entire federal government spending on R&D. Not everything we did post-Sputnik was wise nor is everything we are doing today foolish.

Nevertheless, the contrast is stark: Sputnik spurred investment and ambition. America doubled down. DeepSeek has sparked defensiveness and retreat. We appear to be folding.

Question of the hour. Why has America responded so differently to similar challenges? Can understanding that pivot help to reverse it? Show your work.

The post The Sputnik vs. DeepSeek Moment: Why the Difference? appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.

Comments

That's the poorest question I think I've ever (since MR ... by Aretae
In reply to Kaleberg. I think the statement “The US was a ... by KevinK
In reply to M. “The US goes from 62% of highly cited papers ... by Wayfaring Stranger
In reply to Pipsterate. “The culture war is a pretty stupid ... by Wayfaring Stranger
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In reply to Vulcidian. Singapore’s highest income tax rate, ... by TJL
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The superstars of Moscow's State University, like Alex Gerko, ... by Mikael
In reply to gVOR10. Swedish troops were big destroyers during ... by Dismalist
In reply to ElsieT. I love the game playing, whereby the ... by The Nazis were socialists too, collectivists just like the commies
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Yet the funds held in GENIUS Act reserve accounts do not have ... by WRD
In reply to Sashoir. Other than riding the hype cycle, what ... by Kaleberg
In reply to Alan Goldhammer. I meant a mature payment rails ... by James
Tether has like 4 employees – what operating expenses? by Ringo
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How the NPF System Works

1. Base Cases:

0 is represented as ∅ (empty set, symbolizing absence).
1 is represented as [1] (a singleton leaf).
Negative integers are prefixed with a minus sign (-) applied to the representation of their absolute value (e.g., -n is -[representation of n]).

2. Positive Integers (n > 1):

Start with the canonical prime factorization of n = p1^α1 * p2^α2 * ... * pk^αk, where p1 < p2 < ... < pk are primes and αi > 0.
Represent n as a list [R(α1), R(α2), ..., R(αk)], where R(αi) is the recursive representation of the exponent αi.
Recurse on each exponent αi until reaching base cases (1 or primes, which are leaves).
Primes are represented as themselves in leaves, but if an exponent is prime, it is left as is unless further decomposed (primes stop recursion).

3. Recursion Rule:

If an exponent α is 1, it is [1].
If α is prime, it is the prime value (e.g., 2, 3, 5).
If α is composite, apply the NPF recursively to α.

This creates a nested list structure, which can be serialized in text using brackets or JSON-like notation for clarity. The structure is unique for each n, ensuring bijectivity.

Why Revolutionary?

Hierarchical Insight: The nested structure mirrors the "building blocks" of numbers, making it intuitive for educational purposes, number theory analysis, and AI applications (e.g., input to graph neural networks for predicting properties like divisibility).
Compactness for Large Numbers: High exponents are nested deeply rather than repeated, reducing representation length compared to linear factorization strings. For example, 2^{64} would be a deeply nested [ [...] ] rather than "2^64".
Operational Efficiency: Arithmetic can be performed recursively—multiplication concatenates or nests lists, addition requires "merging" trees with carries resolved via recursion. This could accelerate computations in symbolic math software or quantum simulation, where nested structures align with qubit entanglement models.
Extension to Other Domains: Easily adapts to rationals (numerator/denominator as two trees) or complexes, and supports error-resilient encoding by adding redundancy in nests.

Examples

0: ∅
1: [1]
-1: -[1]
2 (prime): 2
3 (prime): 3
4 = 2^2: [2] (since exponent 2 is prime)
-4: -[2]
6 = 2^1 * 3^1: [ [1], [1] ]
8 = 2^3: [3] (exponent 3 is prime)
12 = 2^2 * 3^1: [2, [1]]
16 = 2^4 = 2^(2^2): [[2]] (recursive on exponent 4 = 2^2)
1200 = 2^4 * 3^1 * 5^2: [ [2], [1], 2 ] (exponent 4 = [2], 1 = [1], 2 = 2)
65536 = 2^16 = 2^(2^4): [[[2]]] (deep nesting for 16 = 2^4, 4 = 2^2, 2 = 2)
-65536: -[[[2]]]

Comparison with Traditional Systems

The table below compares NPF with binary, decimal, and factorial representations for select numbers, highlighting length (characters in serialized form) and key advantages.

| Number | Binary      | Decimal | Factorial     | NPF (Lists) | Notes on NPF Advantage 
|--------|-------------|---------|---------------|-------------|------------------------
| 1      | 1           | 1       | 1!0           | [1]         | Minimal nesting for unity.
| 4      | 100         | 4       | 2!0           | [2]         | Reveals prime exponent directly.
| 8      | 1000        | 8       | 2!1!0         | [3]         | Compact for power-of-2. 
| 12     | 1100        | 12      | 2!2!0         | [2,[1]]     | Shows factors separately.
| 1200   | 10010110000 | 1200    | 4!3!2!1!0!0   | [[2],[1],2] | Nested for exponents, shorter than linear factorization (2^4*3^1*5^2 = 15 chars).
| 65536  | (17 bits)   | 65536   | Long sequence | [[[2]]]     | Highly compact for exponential towers; binary requires 17 chars, NPF uses 7.

This system opens doors to new computational techniques, such as recursive traversal for fast GCD (by comparing nests) or visualization as trees for educational tools. Future extensions could include probabilistic nesting for approximate representations in AI training data.

juan_gandhi

Шаря по своему компу, обнаружил фотки 2005-го года; дело было в марте. Так что больше 20 лет. Я тогда увольнялся. А чо? Да я б в Борланде и дальше сидел, но это было очень глупо. 7 лет на одной должности простого инженера (а что я им всю инфраструктуру локализации зафигачил - это как? А никак. Блат нужен) и на студенческой зарплате, 80 тыс. Так что в конце концов ушёл. И вот мы тут отмечали это дело, в ресторане на вершине горы. Это если вы из Сан Хосе едете в Санта Круз, то вот самая вершина, и там два ресторана; старый и новый. Старый так себе, а новый был норм. Он был новый в 2005-м году.

Слева: Лена Бершадская, потом одна хорошая женщина забыл как звать, потом я, потом Крис Щинг, дальше не знаю.

Справа (слева направо): не помню, кто такой (новенький); Джулия Ли, Хенни Лин, Сандип (индийский принц), одна новая китаянка (имя забыл), Лиу Швэ (капитан китайской армии), Влад Протасов, Зоя Салистра.

Тут я одной правой наяриваю "entertainer". Ресторан с инструментом, э. А я тогда... Ладно.

Вот мы тут все ещё раз. Справа от меня Фред ~~Меркурио~~ Monasterio.

Вообще можно было бы и восстановить имена. У меня где-то лежит телефонная книга Борланда за тот год.

jwz_blog_feed

Posted by jwz

https://www.jwz.org/blog/2025/07/dhss-war-on-skateboarding/

https://jwz.org/b/ykrE

DHS is urging local police to consider a wide range of protest activity as violent tactics, including mundane acts like riding a bike or livestreaming a police encounter:

Blaming intense media coverage and backlash to the US military deployment in Los Angeles, DHS expects the demonstrations to "continue and grow across the nation" as protesters focused on other issues shift to immigration, following a broad "embracement of anti-ICE messaging."

Don't threaten me with a good time.

The guidance urges officers to consider a range of nonviolent behavior and common protest gear -- like masks, flashlights, and cameras -- as potential precursors to violence [...] Protesters on bicycles, skateboards, or even "on foot" are framed as potential "scouts" conducting reconnaissance or searching for "items to be used as weapons." Livestreaming is listed alongside "doxxing" as a "tactic" for "threatening" police. Online posters are cast as ideological recruiters -- or as participants in "surveillance sharing."
One list of "violent tactics" shared by the Los Angeles -- based Joint Regional Intelligence Center -- part of a post-9/11 fusion network -- includes both protesters' attempts to avoid identification and efforts to identify police.

That can't be correct. Skateboarding, I have been reliably informed, is not a crime.

In advance of protests, agencies increasingly rely on intelligence forecasting to identify groups seen as ideologically subversive or tactically unpredictable. Demonstrators labeled "transgressive" may be monitored, detained without charges, or met with force.

Previously, previously, previously, previously, previously.

https://www.jwz.org/blog/2025/07/dhss-war-on-skateboarding/

https://jwz.org/b/ykrE

googlechromereleases_feed

Posted by Andy Wu

http://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/07/dev-channel-update-for-chromeos.html

The Dev channel is being updated to OS version 16328.18.0 (Browser version 139.0.7258.33) for most ChromeOS devices.

If you find new issues, please let us know one of the following ways

File a bug
Visit our ChromeOS communities

General: Chromebook Help Community
Beta Specific: ChromeOS Beta Help Community

Report an issue or send feedback on Chrome

Interested in switching channels? Find out how.

Andy Wu,
Google ChromeOS

http://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/07/dev-channel-update-for-chromeos.html

70sscifiart_feed

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788711776856506368

My favorite from Frank Kelly Freas’s 1971 series of posters promoting the US space program. Check out the rest over here.

https://70sscifiart.tumblr.com/post/788711776856506368

marginal_revolution_feed

Posted by Tyler Cowen

https://feeds.feedblitz.com/~/921478877/_/marginalrevolution~Grok-on-economics.html

https://marginalrevolution.com/?p=91060

My prompt:

What is the best analysis of the incidence of the corporate income tax? How much falls on capital, labor, and the consumer, respectively? In the U.S. What does it work out that way?

Here is the answer, plus my response and its follow-up. For one thing, it is the existence of the non-corporate sector, where capital may be allocated, that is key to getting off on the right foot on this question…

The post Grok 4 on economics appeared first on Marginal REVOLUTION.

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	Select Click for Answer</>
Let n_k be the number of painted cells with exactly k painted neighbors, and let N be the number of common sides of painted cells. Each common side belongs to exactly two painted cells, so $\displaystyle N = \frac{n_{1} + 2n_{2} + 3n_{3} + 4n_{4}}{2} = \frac{n_{1} + n_{3}}{2} + n_{2} + n_{3} + 2n_{4}.$ Since N is an integer, n₁ + n₃ is even and thus can’t be 25. (From Prasolov’s Problems in Plane and Solid Geometry.)

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How the NPF System Works

Why Revolutionary?

Examples

Comparison with Traditional Systems

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